महाभारत की व्यूह रचनाएँ ।

 military-formations-in-mahabharat- महाभारत-की-व्यूह-रचनाएँ

महाभारत में कितने प्रकार की व्यूह रचनाएँ थीं?


महाभारत के युद्ध में कई प्रकार की रचनाओं का उल्लेख मिलता है। किन्तु हमने कुछ का ही नाम सुना होगा।  युद्ध लड़ने के लिए पक्ष या विपक्ष अपने हिसाब से रचनाएँ बनाते थे।

10 मुख्य रचनाओं के बारे में जानें। 

 

 1. गरुड़ व्यूह:- युद्ध में सैनिकों को विपक्षी सेना के सामने इस तरह पंक्तिबद्ध खड़ा किया जाता है कि जिससे आसमान से देखने पर गरुढ़ पक्षी जैसी आकृति दिखाई दे। इसे ही गरुड़ व्यूह कहते हैं। महाभारत में इस व्यूह की रचना भीष्म पितामह ने की थी।

 

 2. क्रौंच व्यूह:- क्रौंच सारस की एक प्रजाति है। इस व्यूह का आकार इसी पक्षी की तरह होता था। महाभारत में इस व्यूह की रचना युधिष्ठिर ने की थी।

 

 3. अर्धचंद्राकार व्यूह:- अर्ध चंद्र का अर्थ तो आप समझते ही हैं। सैन्य रचना जब अर्ध चंद्र की तरह होती थी तो उसे अर्धचंद्राकार व्यूह रचना कहते थे। इस व्यूह की रचना अर्जुन ने कौरवों के गरुड़ व्यूह के प्रत्युत्तर में की थी।

 

 4. चक्रव्यूह:- चक्रव्यूह को आसमान से देखने पर एक घूमते हुए चक्र के समान सैन्य रचना दिखाई देती है। इस चक्रव्यूह को देखने पर इसमें अंदर जाने का रास्ता तो नजर आता है, लेकिन बाहर निकलने का रास्ता नजर नहीं आता। आपने स्पाइरल देखा होगा बस उसी तरह का यह होता है। महाभारत में इस व्यूह की रचना गुरु द्रोण ने की थी।


 5. मंडलाकार व्यूह:- मंडल का अर्थ गोलाकार या चक्राकार होता है। इस व्यूह का गठन परिपत्र रूप में होता था। महाभारत में इस व्यूह की रचना भीष्म पितामह ने की थी। इसके प्रत्युत्तर में पांडवों ने व्रज व्यूह की रचना कर इसे भेद दिया था।

 

 6. वज्र व्यूह:- वज्र एक तरह का हथियार होता है। ये दो प्रकार का होता था- कुलिश और अशानि। इसके ऊपर के तीन भाग तिरछे-टेढ़े बने होते हैं। बीच का हिस्सा पतला होता है। पर यह बड़ा वजनदार होता है। इसका आकार देखने में इन्द्रदेव के वज्र जैसा होता है। महाभारत में इस व्यूह की रचना अर्जुन ने की थी।

 

 7. कछुआ व्यूह:- इसमें सेना को कछुए की तरह जमाया जाता है।

 

 8. औरमी व्यूह:- पांडवों के व्रज व्यूह के प्रत्युत्तर में भीष्म ने औरमी व्यूह की रचना की थी। इस व्यूह में पूरी सेना समुद्र के समान सजाई जाती थी। जिस प्रकार समुद्र में लहरें दिखाई देती हैं, ठीक उसी आकार में कौरव सेना ने पांडवों पर आक्रमण किया था।

 

 9. श्रीन्गातका व्यूह:- कौरवों के औरमी व्यूह के प्रत्युत्त में अर्जुन ने श्रीन्गातका व्यूह की रचना की थी। ये व्यूह एक भवन के समान दिखाई देता था। संभवत: इसे ही तीन शिखरों वाला व्यूह कहते होंगे। इसके अलावा सर्वतोभद्र और सुपर्ण व्यूह का उल्लेख भी मिलता है।

 

10. चक्रशकट व्यूह:- महाभारत युद्ध में अभिमन्यु की निर्मम हत्या के बाद अर्जुन ने शपथ ली थी कि जयद्रथ को कल सूर्यास्त के पूर्व मार दूंगा। तब गुरु द्रोणाचार्य ने जयद्रथ को बचाने के लिए इस व्यूह की रचना की थीं। लेकिन भगवान श्रीकृष्ण की चतुराई से जयद्रथ उस व्यूह से निकलकर बाहर आ गया और मारा गया।

Reference :

https://twitter.com/JitendraEci/status/1829313532015583599


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